会计学Unit3UnderstandingeachotherUnrealconditionals虚拟语气中的非真实(zhēnshí)条件句虚拟语气可用于条件句和其它一些从句中。虚拟语气用于条件句中比较多，情况也比较复杂，所以要特别加以注意。首先要判断一下是否应该用虚拟语气，因为条件句分为两种，一种是真实条件句，一种是非真实条件句，只有在非真实条件句中才用虚拟语气，在真实条件句中，要用陈述(chénshù)语气。Observethefollowingsentencesandtellwhethertheyarerealorunrealconditionalclauses.Ifwegoonpollutingtheworld,itwon’tbefitforustolivein.Ifyouarebusydoingyourhomework,Iwon’tinterruptyou.Ifyouhavefinishedcleaningtheclassroom,youcangohomenow.(Undertheseconditions,thethingsaresuretohappen.)Iftherewerealotofgoodrestaurantsinthecity,thiswouldmakeitmoreattractive.(Therearen’tmanygoodrestaurantnow.)IfalotofpeoplespokeEnglish,itwouldbeveryhelpfulfortourists.(NotmanypeoplecanspeakEnglishnow.)非真实条件句的时态(shítài)表达虚拟语气与将来事实相反注意：在ifI/he/she/it之后，可用were代替was。两者在意义上没有区别，但是were更为正式(zhèngshì)，特别是在陈述心存怀疑的事情时，如：Ifshewereready,wewouldgo.在与将来事实相反的条件(tiáojiàn)从句中，我们可以用wereto或should+do来表示,如:IfIweretofailmyEnglishtest,Iwouldhavetotakeitagainattheendoftheterm.Ifheshouldcometomorrow,Iwouldtalktohimaboutit.在非真实条件句中，如果有were，had，should，我们(wǒmen)可以将if省略，把这些词置于句首，采用倒装形式，如:IfIshouldmeether,Iwouldtellher.=ShouldImeether,Iwouldtellher.IfIwereinyourposition,Iwoulddoitbetter.=WereIinyourposition,Iwoulddoitbetter.Iftheyhadmadepreparations,theywouldhavesucceeded.=Hadtheymadepreparations,theywouldhavesucceeded.有时非真实条件句中，主句谓语动词所表示的动作和条件从句中谓语动词所表示的动作并不同时发生，这时动词的形式并不完全按照上述表格来进行，而需要按照各自的时间来调整(tiáozhěng)，这样的句子就叫错综时间条件句。e.g.Ifyouhadfollowedthedoctor’sadvice,thenyouwouldbeallrightnow.IfIhadn’tfinishedmycompositionbynow,Iwouldbeworkingonittomorrow.Ifshehadpreparedwellforherlessonsyesterday,shewouldn’thavesomanydifficultiesnow.有时一个假设的情况并不用条件从句(cónɡjù)表示,而用其它方式来表示,这样的句子叫含蓄条件句。e.g.Wemighthavediedwithoutyourhelp.=Wemighthavediedifyouhadn’thelpedus.Havingknownintime,wecouldhavestoppedit.=Ifwehadknownintime,wecouldstoppedit.在条件从句中除最常见(chánɡjiàn)的连词之外,尚有下列连词:otherwise;incase;butthat;onconditionthat;unless;suppose/supposing(that);solongas;provided/providing(that)e.g.Iwasbusylastweek,otherw