会计学I.非谓语动词时态(shítài)、语态形式对照表：2.非谓语动词(dòngcí)在句中可作的语法成份1.非谓语动词大都(dàdōu)可在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等.1.Swimmingishisfavouritesport.2.Heenjoysswimming.3.Ifoundhimswimmingintheriver.4.Hisfavouritesportisswimming.5.Heisthemanswimmingintheriverjustnow.6.SwimminginSummer,wecangetcool.1.Thiscupisbroken.2.Thisisabrokencup.3.Ifoundthecupbroken.4.BrokenbyTom,thecupcan’tbeused.★过去分词一般(yībān)不作主语、宾语.3.分词(fēncí)的用法比较A.在时态上1.Chinaisadevelopingcountry=acountrywhichisdeveloping.2.Japanisadevelopedcountry=acountrywhichhasdeveloped.3.Ifoundhimgone.=thathehadgone.(表完成）▲B.在语态上，ing分词表“主动(zhǔdòng)”，ed分词表“被动”（多为及物动词）▲C.分词的完成式一般(yībān)不用来作定语，只能用作状语.D.▲ed+主句（不强调(qiángdiào)时间先后）;Beinged+主句（强调(qiángdiào)主句和从句动作同时发生）;Havingbeened+主句（强调(qiángdiào)时间先后）如不强调(qiángdiào)时间先后可用ed,一般式来代替.4.非谓语动词的用法区别(qūbié)不定式和动名词作宾语的区别(qūbié)：(2)下列动词通常用~ing形式(xíngshì)作宾语：(3)下列动词接不定式与接~ing形式(xíngshì)意义相近：Iprefertostayathometoday．(具体某次行为)Hepreferswalkingtocycling．(惯常行为)*一般说来不能用于进行(jìnxíng)时的动词如：realize，know，understand，see，lose等，多用不定式如：IbegantorealizeIhadbeenwrong.Wehatetolosethechance.Nowwearebeginningtoseeitmoreclearly.(4)下列动词接不定式与接~ing形式(xíngshì)意义不同：③remembertodo记得要做某事(此事未做)/rememberdoing记得某事已做过(此事已做)e.g.：Irememberseeingheroncesomewhere．Youmustremembertotakeyourumbrellawhenyouleavehome．④goontodo继续做另一件事goondoing接着(jiēzhe)做同一件事e.g.：Shestoodupandshookhandswithme,andthenshewentonwritingsomething．AfterIfinishedmyhomework,1wentontoreadthenovel．⑤trytodo企图／想做某事trydoing试着做某事(看看有什么后果发生)e.g.：Wetriedtopersuadehimtogowithus,buthewouldn’tlisten．Let'strydoingtheworksomeotherway.⑥meantodo(意思是)打算做某事meandoing意味着做某事e.g.：Revolutionmeanslibratingtheproductiveforce．Sorry,Ididn'tmeantohurtyou．⑦regrettodo遗憾地做某事(通常后接say,tell等动词(dòngcí))/regretdoing后悔做了某事e.g.：Iregrettotellthatyoudidn’tpasstheexamagain．Heregrettedhavingtoldherthebadnews．(5)动词(dòngcí)如：(permit,allow，admit，forbid，imagine，consider)advisesbtodosth\advisedoingsth*注意：*在imagine／consider后通常用“tobe…”作宾语(bīnyǔ)补足语。tobe有时可省略。e.g.：You'dbetterimagineyou