TheDefinitionofLogistics物流的定义Aftercompletingacommercialtransaction,logisticswillexecutethetransferofgoodsfromthesupplier(seller)tothecustomer(buyer)inthemostcost-effectivemanner.Thisisthedefinitionoflogistics.Duringthetransferprocess,hardwaresuchaslogisticsfacilitiesandequipment(logisticscarriers)areneeded,aswellasinformationcontrolandstandardization.Inaddition,supportsfromthegovernmentandlogisticsassociationshouldbeinplace.在完成商业交易之后,物流将以最低成本和最高效益的方式执行将商品从供应商(卖方)流转到顾客(买方)的过程。这就是物流的定义。在物流过程中,既需要诸如物流设施和设备(物流运输工具等)的硬件,也需要对物流实施信息化管理进行物流标准化。此外,政府和物流组织的支持也不可或缺。Threemajorfunctionsoflogistics物流的三大主要功能(1)Creatingtimevalue:samegoodscanbevalueddifferentatdifferenttimes.Goodsoftenstopduringthetransferprocess,whichisprofessionallycalledthestorageoflogistics.Itcreatesthetimevalueforgoods.(1)创造时间价值:同种商品因所处时间的不同而有着不同的价值。在商品流转过程中,往往会处于某种停滞的状态,物流的专业术语就称之为储存。储存创造了商品的时间价值。(2)Creatinglocationvalue:samegoodscanbevalueddifferentlyatdifferentlocations.Thevalueaddedduringthetransferprocessisthelocationvalueoflogistics.(2)创造场所价值:同种商品因所处位置的不同而有着不同的价值。这种因商品流转过程中而产生的附加增值称之为物流的场所价值。(3)Distributionprocessingvalue:sometimeslogisticscreatedistributionprocessingvalue,whichchangesthelength,thicknessandpackagesofthegoods.Likepopularsaying,“cuttingintosmallerparts”isthemostcommonlyseendistributionprocessingwithinlogisticscreateaddedvalueforgoods.(3)同配送加工价值:有时,物流活动也能创造配送加工价值,这种物流加工主要改变商品的长度、厚度和包装形态。物流中经常提到的“分割成更小的部分”就是配送加工中最为常见的形式。大多数物流加工都能创造商品的附加价值。Logisticsisanewcommercialarea,developingfromthetraditionalstagetoamodernone.Themaindifferencesbetweenthesetwostageinclude:物流作为新兴的商务领域,经历了从传统物流向现代物流发展的两个阶段。这两个阶段的不同主要体现在以下两个方面:(1)Modernlogisticsadoptscontainerizationtechniques.Thegoodstransferprocessstartswithpackaging,followedbytransportation,storageanddistribution.Thewholeprocessisoperatedunderlogisticsstandards.Basedonthelogisticsbasemoduleof600×400mm,fromthelogisticsmoduleof1,200×1,000mm,andenlargetothesizeof2,591×2,438mm-thesizeofhigh×wideofthecontainer.Itcanbeadjustedtothestandardsizesofc