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PAGEPAGE5MechanicalEngineeringIntroductiontoMechanicalEngineeringMechanicalengineeringisthebranchofengineeringthatdealswithmachinesandtheproductionofpower.Itisparticularlyconcernedwithforcesandmotion.HistoryofMechanicalEngineeringTheinventionofthesteamengineinthelatterpartofthe18thcentury,providingakeysourceofpowerfortheIndustrialRevolution,gaveanenormousimpetustothedevelopmentofmachineryofalltypes.Asaresultanewmajorclassificationofengineering,separatefromcivilengineeringanddealingwithtoolsandmachines,developed,receivingformalrecognitionin1847inthefoundingoftheInstitutionofMechanicalEngineersinBirmingham,England.Mechanicalengineeringhasevolvedfromthepracticebythemechanicofanartbasedlargelyontrialanderrortotheapplicationbytheprofessionalengineerofthescientificmethodinresearch,design,andproduction.Thedemandforincreasedefficiency,inthewidestsense,iscontinuallyraisingthequalityofworkexpectedfromamechanicalengineerandrequiringofhimahigherdegreeofeducationandtraining.NotonlymustmachinesrunmoreeconomicallybutcapitalCostsalsomustbeminimized.FieldsofMechanicalEngineeringDevelopmentofmachinesfortheproductionofgoodsthehighmaterialstandardoflivinginthedevelopedcountriesowesmuchtothemachinerymadepossiblebymechanicalengineering.Themechanicalengineercontinuallyinventsmachinestoproducegoodsanddevelopsmachinetoolsofincreasingaccuracyandcomplexitytobuildthemachines.Theprincipallinesofdevelopmentofmachineryhavebeenanincreaseinthespeedofoperationtoobtainhighratesofproduction,improvementinaccuracytoobtainqualityandeconomyintheproduct,andminimizationofoperatingcosts.Thesethreerequirementshaveledtotheevolutionofcomplexcontrolsystems.Themostsuccessfulproductionmachineryisthatinwhichthemechanicaldesignofthemachineiscloselyintegratedwiththecontrolsystem,whetherthelatterismechanicalorelectricalinnature.Amoderntransferline(conveyor)forthemanufactureofautomobileenginesisagoodexampleofthemechanizationofacomplexseriesofmanufacturingprocesses.Developmentsareinhandtoautomatepro
