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会计学TranscendentalismEmerson’sessayNature(1836)wasthefirstmajordocumentofthetranscendentalschoolandstatedtheideasthatweretoremaincentraltoit.HisotherkeytranscendentalistworksincludeTheAmericanScholar(1837),avolumeinwhichheaddressedtheintellectual’sdutytoculture,and'Self-Reliance'(1841),anessayinwhichheassertedtheimportanceofbeingtruetoone’sownnature.RalphWaldoEmerson1803-1882LifeWorks"Standingonthebareground...ameanegotismvanishes.Ibecomeatransparenteyeball;Iamnothing;Iseeall;thecurrentsoftheUniversalBeingcirculatethroughme;IampartorparticleofGod."Howarepeopletoarriveattruth?“Tobelieveyourownthought,tobelievethatwhatistrueforyouinyourprivateheartistrueforallmen—thatisgenius.Speakyourlatentconvictionanditshallbetheuniversalsense;foralwaystheinmostbecomestheoutmost—andourfirstthoughtisrenderedbacktousbythetrumpetsofthelastjudgment.”---“SelfReliance.”“Godisineveryman.”---“SelfReliance.”TounderstandEmerson'saloofnessfrompeopleandevents,itisnecessarytounderstandhiswayofthinking.Hebelievedthatgreattruthscomebyintuition—thatis,thattheycomeunbidden.Furiousstrivingavailsnothing;truthcomesgently.MostmodernphilosophersdonotagreewithEmerson;theythinkthattruthmaybereasoned.Theyarealsointerestedintheworkingoutoftruthinrelationtolife,whileEmersonwasalwaysonthealertforthefirstglimmer.Heneverfinishedbutwasalwaysbeginning,andhisbeginningshavebeeninspirationstothepeopleoftwocontinents.TranscendentalismHenryDavidThoreau1817-1862LifeWaldenAWinterWalkAssessment“Thelifewhichmenpraiseandregardassuccessfulisbutonekind.Why,”ThoreauaskedinWalden,wherehisexamplewastheanswer,“shouldweexaggerateanyonekindattheexpenseoftheothers?”Inacommercial,conservative,expedientsocietythatwasrapidlybecomingurbanandindustrial,heupheldtherighttoself-culture,toanindividuallifeshapedbyinnerprinciple.Hedemandedforallmenthefreedomtofollowuniquelifestyles,tomakepoemsoftheirlivesandlivingitselfanart.
