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吉林省长春市华家镇中学高三英语模拟试题含解析一、选择题1.Bob,yourdrivingperformancedidn’treachtherequiredconditions,____,you’vefailedit.A.inawordB.inotherwordsC.asaresultD.onthewhole参考答案:B2.IfIcanhelp______,Idon’tlikeworkingtoolateintothenight.A.soB.thatC.itD.them参考答案:C3.“Theyoungman_________,buthechosetostayandhelpme,”PrathertoldCBSNews.“Isaythankyoutohimeveryday.”A.couldhaveleftB.musthaveleftC.couldleaveD.mustleave参考答案:A【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意:这个年轻人本可以离开的,但他却选择了留下了帮助我。根据but句中的chose,可知本句是对过去情况的虚拟,应该使用“情态动词+havedone”,排除CD项。B项“musthavedone”意为“一定做了某事”,表示对过去情况的推测,并不表示虚拟。“couldhavedone”意为“本可以做某事,实际上却未做”,是对过去情况的虚拟,故A项正确。【点睛】本句考查了含蓄条件的虚拟语气,所谓含蓄条件句就是利用语境不直接说出条件的句子。这种句子可以分为两类:一种是广义的含蓄条件句,另一种是狭义的含蓄条件句。1.广义含蓄指的是不用连词if或unless介绍条件,而是改用其他方式。事实上这些表达方式也是同样是条件状语。(1)用介词引入条件:*butfor(如不是,如没有):注意,凡是出现这个复合介词的句子,必须要用虚拟语气,如:Wewouldhavehadapleasantjourneybutfortherain.(=Wewouldhavehadapleasantjourneyifithadn’trained.)*without/with(在不具备/具备…的条件下),如:Withouthishelp,Icouldnothavedoneitwell.(=Ifhehadn’thelpedme,Icouldnothavedoneitwell.)Withfavorablewinds,wemighthavegotthereintwodays.(=Ifthereshouldbefavorablewinds,wemighthavegotthereintwodays.)*under(在…条件下)Wecouldhavedonebetterundermorefavorableconditions.(=Wecouldhavedonebetterifweweretobeundermorefavorableconditions.)(2)分词短语充当条件(分词短语本身就具有充当条件状语的功能),如:Givenacertainopportunity,hecouldhaveshownmoretalent.(=Ifhehadbeengivenacertainopportunity,hecouldhaveshownmoretalent.)(3)表示不具备条件的连词:but,butthat,or或otherwise不定式短语Theywouldhaveresistedbutthattheylackedcourage.(=Theywouldhaveresistediftheyhadn’tlackedcourage.要不是缺乏勇气她们会抵抗的.)诸如此类,不一而足。2.狭义含蓄指的是不用任何语言方式显示条件,而是把条件隐藏在具体的原环境中,(1)用上下文暗示条件,如:Iwassobusythen,otherwise,Iwouldhavefinishedit.(IfIhadn’tbeenbusythen,Iwouldhavefinishedit.)Itrainedyesterday,orIwouldhavegonecamping.(IfIthadn’trainedyesterday,Iwouldhavegonecamping.)(2)用委婉语气暗示条件,如:Wouldyoumindopeningthewindow?(=WouldmindifIopenedthewindow.)Couldyoudomeafavortopassmethebook?(=Youwoulddomeafavorifyoushouldpassmethebook.)(3)用表示愿望的语气暗示条件,如:Longlive