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1.WhatwerethemainfeaturesofancientCreeksociety?AsfarasweknowCreekculturereachedahighpointofdevelopmentinthe5thcenturyB.C...ThiswasmarkedbythesuccessfulrepulseofthePersianinvasionearlyinthecentury,theestablishmentofdemocracyandtheflourishingofscience,philosophy,literature,artandhistoricalwritinginAthens.Athenswasademocracy.Democracymeans“exerciseofpowerbythewholepeople”,but“bythewholepeople”theCreeksmeantonlytheadultmalecitizens,andcitizenshipwasasetofrightswhichamaninheritedfromhisfather,women,children,foreignersandslaveswereexcluded.Theyhadnorights.TheeconomyofAthensrestedonanimmenseamountofslavelabor.TheCreekslovedsports.2.ThegreatachievementsofGreekscienceTheGreeksdidhaveinventions,buttheywerestrongerintheworldofideas,andweowemuchtothemforthis.Theydevelopedgeometryandstudiedastronomy,geography,andmechanics.Thesestudiesformedthebasisofmuchsciencethatfollowed.TheirphilosophersdevelopedspeculativephilosophywhichisthefoundationofmuchofourspeculationandagoodportionofourMathematicTheirartandarchitecturewereveryinfluentialandsetstylesthatarestillpopularandhighlycopiedtoday.MuseumsaroundtheworldhavemuchmaterialfromancientGreecewhichisoftenthemostvaluablepartoftheircollection.BeforethemtherewasamannamedDemocrituswhoputforwardthefirstatomictheory.Anothertwomenmaybementionedforwhattheydidtopushscienceforward.EuclidiswellknownforhisElements,atextbookgeometryperhapsthemostsuccessfultextbookeverwrite.Archimedesdidimportantworknotonlyingeometry,butalsoinarithmetic’s,mechanicsandhydrostatics(流体静力学).Greekscientistscollectedawealthofmaterialandenquiredintothepropermethodofdoingscientificwork.Asaresult,theywereabletodeducetheoriesandbuiltupsystems,whichhadatremendousinfluenceonlaterscientists,Art,architecture,Sculptureandpottery.3.WhatdidtheRomanshaveIncommonwiththeGreeks?Andwhatwasthechiefdifferencebetweenthem?TheburningofCorinthin46B.C.markedRomanconquestofGreece,whichwasthenreducedtoaprovinceoftheRomanEmpire.Fromthistimeon,theRomanshadalotincommonwiththeGreeks.Bothpeopleha
