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(众所周知，战争的胜负、国家的命运和王者的生死是不可预料的）.英国虽然由爱尔兰威尔士英格兰三部分组成但是他们由共同的文化、信仰和体制作为纽带而且现在的君主立宪的英国稳定存在了三百多年SomehistorianssaythatformostpeopleofEngland……Anglo-SaxonEnglandwasnostrangertoinvasions.Vikingraidshadbeenpartoflifeforacentury,butsincethedaysofAlfredtheGreat,itwasacountrystableenoughtosoakthemup.正文：TheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIrelandisasovereignstatelocatedoffthenorth-westerncoastofcontinentalEurope.ThecountryincludestheislandofGreatBritain,thenorth-easternpartoftheislandofIrelandandmanysmallerislands.NorthernIrelandistheonlypartoftheUKthatsharesalandborderwithanothersovereignstate—theRepublicofIreland.ApartfromthislandbordertheUKissurroundedbytheAtlanticOcean,theNorthSea,theEnglishChannelandtheIrishSea.It'sfourdivisionsareEngland,Scotland,WalesandNorthernIreland.SomepeoplemayaskwilltheUKbeunitedforever?Asfarasicansee英国没有分裂的可能。TheUKhasalonghistoryjustasourChina.ThefirstknownsettlersofBritainweretheIberians.BritishrecordedhistorybeginswiththeRomaninvasion.In55BCand54BC,JuliusCaesar,aRomangeneral,invadedBritaintwice.InAD43,theEmperorClaudiusinvadedBritainsuccessfully.Fornearly400years,BritainwasundertheRomanoccupation,thoughitwasneveratotaloccupation.TheRomanbuiltmanytowns,road,baths,templesandbuildings.TheymakegooduseofBritain’snaturalresources.Theyalsobroughtthenewreligion,Christianity,toBritain.Inthemid-5thcenturyanewwaveofinvaders,Jutes,Saxons,andAnglescametoBritain.TheywerethreeTeutonictribes.TheJutes,whofishedandfarmedinJutland,cametoBritainfirst.AJutishchiefbecametheKingofKentin449.ThentheSaxons,usersoftheshort-swordfromnorthernGermany,establishedtheirkingdominEssex,SussexandWessexfromtheendofthe5thcenturytothebeginningofthe6thcentury.Inthesecondhalfofthe6thcentury.Inthesecondhalfofthe6thcentury,theAngles,whoalsocamefromnorthernGermanyandweretogivetheirnametotheEnglishpeople,settledinEastAnglia,MerciaandNorthumbria.ThesesevenprincipalkingdomsofKent,Essex,Sussex,Wessex,EastAnglia,MerciaandNorthumbriahavebeengiventhenameofHeptarchy.TheEarlyAnglo-Saxons
