Unit11.Managementistheattainmentoforganizationalgoalsinaneffectiveandefficientmannerthroughplanning,organizing,leading,andcontrollingorganizationalresources.管理就是通过计划、组织、领导和控制组织资源，有效率有效果地实现组织的目标。2.Planningdefineswheretheorganizationwantstobeinthefutureandhowtogetthere.计划定义了组织未来要实现的蓝图以及如何去实现它。3.Organizationfailurecanoccurwhenmanagersarenotseriousaboutcontrolorlackcontrolinformation.当管理者不能严肃对待控制或者缺少控制信息时，组织可能发生失败。4.Theultimateresponsibilityofmanagersistoachievehighperformance,whichistheattainmentoforganizationalgoalsbyusingresourcesinanefficientandeffectivemanner.管理人员的最终责任是获得高业绩，而这是有效率有效果地运用资源而达成的组织目标。5.Thereareno‘peopleless’organizations,somanagersmustlearnhowtomotivate,leadandcommunicate;theymustalsounderstandinterpersonalrelationsandthebehaviorofgroupsofpeople.“无人”的组织是不存在的，所以管理者必须知道如何激励、领导和沟通，还必须理解人际关系和群体行为。6.Managersareexcellentcommunicatorsandvalueshapers,lightningrodstogetthejobdone.管理者是卓越的沟通者和价值塑造者，指挥完成工作。7.Itisnowapparentthatoverlycentralized,excessivelylayered,andrigidorganizationalstructuresarenotalwayseffectiveorefficient.现在很清楚的是，过于集中、过度分层、以及过于严格的组织结构并不是总有效或者有效率的。8.Amanagerfrequentlyremindshisorhermanagementteamofthecompany’sgoalsandhowwellthosegoalsarebeingachieved.一个管理者会不断提醒他或她的管理团队组织的目标以及目标的完成情况。9.Strategicplanningistheprocessofdevelopingandanalyzingtheorganization’smission,overallgoals,generalstrategies,andallocatingresources.战略规划是开发和分析组织的使命、总体目标、总体战略以及分配资源的过程。10.Thepurposeoftheorganizingfunctionistomakethebestuseoftheorganization’sresourcestoachieveorganizationalgoals.组织职能的目的是为了充分地利用组织的资源去实现组织目标。Unit2Asusedinabroadersense,statisticsreferstothestatisticaltoolsusedtocollect,present,analyze,andinterpretdataforthepurposeofmakingmoreeffectivedecisions.广泛的意义上说，统计就是为了做出有效的决策而用于收集、提出、分析、解释数据的统计工具。Statisticalthinkingisnecessarynotonlyforefficientcitizenship,butalsoforeffectivedecisionmakinginvariousfacetsofbusiness.统计思想不仅是对于有效的公民有用，对于在企业经营的各个层面做出有效决策也是必要的。W.EdwardsDeming,notedstatisticianandqualitycontrolexpert,insistedthatweshouldstart