On Translation of WTO Documents-学文库

On Translation of WTO Documents.doc

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OnTranslationofWTODocumentsCONTENTSABSTRACT………………………………………………………………………iCHAPTERONEINTRODUCTION………………………………………………11.1BackgroundInformation…………………………………………………21.1.1TheWorldTradeOrganization……………………………………21.1.2TheWTODocuments……………………………………………………31.1.3ChinaandtheWTO……………………………………………………61.2SignificanceoftheTranslationoftheWTODocuments…………81.3StudyMethods……………………………………………………………8CHAPTERTWOANINVESTIGATIONOFTRANSLATIONTHEORIES…92.1TheCurrentTheoreticalControversy………………………………92.2TraditionalChineseTranslationTheories………………………102.3CurrentWesternTranslationTheories……………………………112.4ANewApproachtoTranslationStudies……………………………13CHAPTERTHREEFEATURESOFTHEWTODOCUMENTS………………153.1LexicalFeatures………………………………………………………153.1.1PreferenceforFormalWords……………………………………153.1.2CommonWordswithSpecialMeaning……………………………173.1.3FrequentEmploymentofArchaicWords…………………………193.1.4EmploymentofLoanWordsandPhrases…………………………213.1.5EmploymentofAcronymsandInitialisms………………………223.2SemanticFeatures………………………………………………………253.2.1FrequentUseofSynonymsandParallelStructures…………253.2.2PreferenceforNominalization……………………………………273.3GrammaticalFeatures……………………………………………………293.3.1FrequentEmploymentofLongComplicatedSentences………………………………………293.3.2PreferenceforModalVerbs………………………………………313.3.3ConstantUseofNotesandFootnotes……………………………33CHAPTERFOURTRANSLATIONSKILLSANDTECHNIQUES……………354.1CriteriaforWTOTranslation……………………………………………354.2LiteralTranslationandLiberalTranslation………………………364.3GivingPrioritytoLiteralTranslation……………………………374.4TechniquesinTranslationoftheWTODocuments…………………384.4.1Repetition……………………………………………………………394.4.2Amplification…………………………………………………………424.4.3Omission………………………………………………………………434.4.4Conversion……………………………………………………………444.4.5Inversion………………………………………………………………464.4.6Division………………………………………………………………484.4.7Negation………………………………………………………………504.4.8TheChangeofVoices………………………………………………53CHAPTERFIVECONCLUSION………………………………………………55BIBLIOGRAPHY…………………………………………………………………57ACK