摘要在工程实践中，经常会遇到各种需要测量转速的场合，测量转速的方法分为模拟式和数字式两种。模拟式采用测速发电机为检测元件，得到的信号是模拟量。数字式通常采用光电编码器，霍尔元件等为检测元件，得到的信号是脉冲信号。随着微型计算机的广泛应用，特别是高性能价格比的单片机的出现，转速测量普遍采用以单片机为核心的数字式测量方法。本课题介绍了一种基于AT89C51单片机平台，采用光电编码器实施转速测量的方法，硬件系统包括脉冲信号产生、脉冲信号的处理和显示模块，并采用汇编语言编程，该方法具有结构简单、精度高、稳定性好的优点。并且还介绍了该测速方法的基本原理、实现方法和软硬件设计。关键字：AT89C51单片机；转速；光电编码器AbstractInengineeringpractice,weoftenencounteravarietyofoccasionsthatneedtomeasurethespeedandthespeedmeasurementthatisdividedintotwokindsofanaloganddigital.Analogtachometergeneratorfordetectingcomponents,theresultingsignalisanalog.Digitalcommonlyusedopticalencoder,theHallelementandotherdetectiondevices,thesignalisapulsesignal.Withtheextensiveapplicationofmicro-computer,especiallytheemergenceofhighperformanceandlowcostsingle-chipspeedmeasurementcommonlyusedbytheMCUasthecoredigitalmeasurementmethodThsubjectbasedonAT89C51microcontrollerplatform,theimplementationofthephotoelectricencoderspeedmeasurementmethod,thehardwaresystemincludesapulsesignalgeneratedpulsesignalprocessinganddisplaymodules,andassemblylanguageprogramming,thismethodhasasimplestructure,highprecisiongoodstabilityadvantages.Andalsodescribesthebasicprinciplesofthevelocitymeasurementmethodandthehardwareandsoftwaredesign.Keywords:AT89C51microcontroller;speed;opticalencoder目录TOC\o"1-3"\h\z\uHYPERLINK\l"_Toc327257079"第一章绪论PAGEREF_Toc327257079\h1HYPERLINK\l"_Toc327257080"1.1转速测量方法PAGEREF_Toc327257080\h1HYPERLINK\l"_Toc327257081"1.2转速测量原理PAGEREF_Toc327257081\h2HYPERLINK\l"_Toc327257082"第二章系统硬件设计PAGEREF_Toc327257082\h4HYPERLINK\l"_Toc327257083"2.1单片机模块设计PAGEREF_Toc327257083\h4HYPERLINK\l"_Toc327257084"2.2光电编码器PAGEREF_Toc327257084\h4HYPERLINK\l"_Toc327257085"2.3单片机AT89C51介绍PAGEREF_Toc327257085\h8HYPERLINK\l"_Toc327257086"2.3.1主要特征及管脚说明PAGEREF_Toc327257086\h8HYPERLINK\l"_Toc327257087"2.3.2时钟电路PAGEREF_Toc327257087\h11HYPERLINK\l"_Toc327257088"2.3.3复位电路PAGEREF_Toc327257088\h11HYPERLINK\l"_To