1AnanalyticaltoolforidentifyingPotentialFailuresinaproductorprocesssothatcorrectiveactioncanbetakenbeforethefailurescanreachthecustomer.AnFMEAisaStructuredApproachto:FMEA是結構式的方法FMEA–History歷史FMEAisproactive,notreactive.Don'twaitforthecustomertocomplainifyoucanavoidit!FMEA是預防性的，不是反應性的。應當儘量避免失效，而不是等著顧客提出申訴！FMEAreducesthechancethatacustomerwillseeafailureFMEA通過以下措施減少顧客遇到失效的情況:Bydefiningfailureintermsofwhatthecustomerwantsandexpects.針對顧客的要求和期望確定失效Byshowingwheremeasuresneedtobetakentopreventfailure.指出爲了防止失效，需要在哪方面採取措施TypesofFMEAs類型Summary概要TimingofanFMEAFMEA的時機System系統Wiringharness線束Electronicmodule電控模塊Assembly總成ItissimilartoaDesignFMEA,butfocusesonthecircuitschematicinsteadofphysicalfailureofcomponents.同DFMEA相類似,系統FMEA側重於回路設計而不是元件的物理失效。Example:舉例：Failuremodeatelectricalsystemlevel電氣系統失效模式OpencircuitatcktA回路A出現開路Cause:原因：Terminalunseated端子脫出Terminalunseatedbecomesafailuremodeatthecomponentlevel.端子脫出是電氣元件的失效模式。RulesofDesignFMEA設計FMEA規則PurposeofDesignFMEA設計FMEA的用途PurposeofDesignFMEA設計FMEA的用途DesignFMEAInputsandOutputs設計FMEA的輸入和輸出Design设计Components元件Elements设计要素RulesofProcessFMEA過程FMEA規則PurposeofProcessFMEA過程FMEA的用途Process过程Manufacturing制造Assembling装配FMEATeam小組DefinitionofTerms術語DefinitionofTerms術語LinkingFailureModestoEffects失效模式和後果之間的聯繫RiskPriorityNumber風險序數RiskPriorityNumber風險序數DefinitionofRPNTermsRPN術語RatingScales評分尺度RatingScales評分尺度RatingScales評分尺度ExamplesofOccurrencescale發生率評分的例子ExamplesofDetectionscale探測度評分的例子ProcessStep/InputFMEA–FAILUREMODEEFFECTSANALYSISFMEAModel模式GeneralStepsintheDFMEA/一般步驟GeneralStepsintheDFMEA/一般步驟Aschematicrepresentation,with一種圖示法,其中Components(orfeatures)shownasblocks,用方塊表示各元件(或特性)Interactionsbetweencomponentsshownaslines,用直線表示各元件之間的關係Attheappropriatelevelofdetail詳細到恰當的程度Component元件Don'tforgetauxiliaryfunctionsaswellaprimaryfunctions主要功能和輔助功能都要考慮Often,componentsworktogethertoperformafunction經常是幾個零件共同實現一個功能Hint:UsetheBlockDiagram!提示:利用結構圖Adefect,flaw,orotherunsatisf